- Title Pages
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
-
One Waves of Influence -
Two Sugar’s Ecology -
Three Four Families -
Four Five Companies -
Five Agricultural Landscapes -
Six Plantation Centers -
Seven Sugar’s Industrial Complex -
Eight Plantation Community -
Nine An Island Tour -
Ten Planters Organize -
Eleven Resource Policy - Conclusion
-
Appendix 1 Vegetation Zones -
Appendix 2 Sugar Crop Acreage, Yield, Production, and Employment, 1836–1960 -
Appendix 3 Major Sugarcane Producers in the Pacific and North American Markets, 1880–1940 -
Appendix 4 Missionary Land Purchases of Government/Crown Lands, 1850–1866 -
Appendix 5 Intermarriage of Second-Generation Missionary Families -
Appendix 6 Percentage Increase of Largest Plantations’ Sugar Crops, 1920 and 1930 (listed in order of production in 1920 for each island) -
Appendix 7 Subsidiary Companies Organized, 1880–1910 -
Appendix 8 Plantation Centers, Acreage in 1867 and 1879 -
Appendix 9 Major Water Development Projects -
Appendix 10 Crown and Government Lands Leased for Sugarcane -
Appendix 11 Ranches in 1930 - References
- Index
- About the Author
- Production Notes
Conclusion
Conclusion
Sugar’s End
- Chapter:
- (p.275) Conclusion
- Source:
- Sovereign Sugar
- Author(s):
Carol A. MacLennan
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
This concluding chapter charts the decline of Hawaiʻi's sugar industry during the 1970s to 1980s, as the state came to the conclusion that there were better uses for Hawaiʻi's cane lands. Expansive agricultural fields and the ready water from irrigation projects provided opportunities for diversified agriculture, housing projects, and resort development. From the position of “saving sugar” in 1979 to the search for other economic opportunities for cane lands in 1989, the Hawaiian government had traveled a long road in just ten years. Although gone from the landscape, the mark of sugar remains today in Hawaiʻi's land use and water policies and in the lives of people who worked and grew up in its sugar economy. Acting as an invisible force, sugar's ghost continues to frequent the islands with its legacy of economic dominance.
Keywords: cane lands, sugar industry, economic opportunity, land use, water policies, sugar economy, economic dominance
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- Title Pages
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
-
One Waves of Influence -
Two Sugar’s Ecology -
Three Four Families -
Four Five Companies -
Five Agricultural Landscapes -
Six Plantation Centers -
Seven Sugar’s Industrial Complex -
Eight Plantation Community -
Nine An Island Tour -
Ten Planters Organize -
Eleven Resource Policy - Conclusion
-
Appendix 1 Vegetation Zones -
Appendix 2 Sugar Crop Acreage, Yield, Production, and Employment, 1836–1960 -
Appendix 3 Major Sugarcane Producers in the Pacific and North American Markets, 1880–1940 -
Appendix 4 Missionary Land Purchases of Government/Crown Lands, 1850–1866 -
Appendix 5 Intermarriage of Second-Generation Missionary Families -
Appendix 6 Percentage Increase of Largest Plantations’ Sugar Crops, 1920 and 1930 (listed in order of production in 1920 for each island) -
Appendix 7 Subsidiary Companies Organized, 1880–1910 -
Appendix 8 Plantation Centers, Acreage in 1867 and 1879 -
Appendix 9 Major Water Development Projects -
Appendix 10 Crown and Government Lands Leased for Sugarcane -
Appendix 11 Ranches in 1930 - References
- Index
- About the Author
- Production Notes
