From Meat to Machine Oil
From Meat to Machine Oil
The Nineteenth-Century Development of Whaling in Wakayama
This chapter examines the development of whaling in Wakayama during the nineteenth century. It begins with a discussion of the whales targeted by the shore-based whaling industry in the Kumano coast of Wakayama Prefecture. It then considers the transformation of the Japanese whaling industry at the end of the nineteenth century from a centuries-old native practice to a modern, industrial practice. It asks whether Meiji industrialization and modernization helped promote innovation in the whaling industry and explores the maritime environment on which the Kumano whalers relied, along with the ways in which Japanese whaling's modern transformation arose from responses to global impacts on whale populations. It argues that the change in environmental conditions caused by unregulated international competition for increasingly scarce resources was the most important factor driving new practices in the Japanese whaling industry.
Keywords: whaling, whales, whaling industry, Kumano, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, industrialization, modernization
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