Kūpuna
Kūpuna
This chapter focuses on the lives of kūpuna (elders), who, together with families, remain in Hā'ena, a living link to the world of the ancestors for present generations. Kūpuna are living roots that bind indigenous people firmly to island homelands and to more far-flung islands touched by distant ancestors over thousands of years. In Hā'ena, kūpuna of both the past and present continue to be an important source of growth, inspiration, guidance, and wisdom to present-day generations. This chapter first considers the profound changes that have occurred in Hā'ena over the last two centuries. It then shares the author's personal reflections on Hā'ena before telling the stories of some elders, including George Ka'eo, Samson Kapae Mahuiki, Kaipo Chandler, John Hanohano Pā, Barlow Chu and family, and Thomas Hashimoto.
Keywords: kūpuna, elders, Hā'ena, ancestors, indigenous people, George Ka'eo, Samson Kapae Mahuiki, Kaipo Chandler, John Hanohano Pā, Thomas Hashimoto
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